wirelesssitesurvey engineer
The first step in a wireless site survey engineer deployment is to ensure that desired operation begins with a site survey to assess the Radio Frequency (RF) behavior in a specific environment. Many issues can arise in a wireless network due to poor planning and coverage.
It has been discovered that many site surveys are not performed properly or the site survey is omitted altogether. The intended purpose of this document is to provide guidelines for proper planning, preparation, and identification of the key items to check through the analysis of a survey report.
Requirements
Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of these topics:
- IEEE 802.11 Wireless
- Wireless LAN Design
Components Used
This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions.
The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.
Types of Site Surveys
There are three types of surveys: Passive, Active, and Predictive.
Passive Survey
Passive surveys are surveys that are performed with a listen-only mode. The survey client never associates to the access point (AP). Such surveys can be helpful when you look for rogue devices or you want a good gauge of downlink RF coverage from the infrastructure devices.
These can be accomplished with a passive survey:
- Identify rogues
- Locate RF trouble zones quickly
- Validate final RF setting
- Perform initial surveys
The most significant loss of information with passive surveys is uplink information, Physical (PHY) rate boundaries and retransmission. PHY rates are generally based on RF signal and noise levels. A passive survey only reports signal propagation for beacons measured by particular clients. PHY rates can only be measured by actual data that is sent to and from an AP.
Active Survey
Active surveys are performed with the survey client associated to the APs used throughout the survey. When a client is associated, it performs all the tasks a typical 802.11 client performs, which includes rate shifting data rates as the RF condition changes and performs retransmissions. Active surveys are commonly used for new WLAN deployments because they provide the most details upon which to base a design.
There are two main methods used in active surveys:
- Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) Method: This method locks a client into an AP's radio MAC address and prevents the client from roaming.
- Service Set Identifier (SSID) Method: This is more commonly used for post-deployment scenarios and used to survey multiple APs. It enables the survey client to associate to an SSID where the client roams between multiple APs.
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